When it comes to affecting the performance of a system, these are the places to try to exert your resources.

  1. Tweak the Numbers - change constants & parameters (subsidies, taxes, etc)
  2. Buffers - change the size of stabilizing stocks
  3. Stock & Flow Structures - change how physical system nodes intersect
  4. Delays - change the length of times for behaviors relative to system changes
  5. Balancing Feedback Loops - change the strength of feedback loops relative to the behaviors they moderate.
  6. Reinforcing Feedback Loops - change the strength of gain-inducing loops.
  7. Information Flows - Change who does and doesn’t have access to info.
  8. Rules - Create incentives, punishments, constraints
  9. Self-Organization - Allow the system to to change its own structure.
  10. Goals - address the purpose of the system
  11. Paradigms - change the mindset in which the system operates, its goals, structure, rewrite the rules
  12. Transcending Paradigms - dunno. The source didn’t explain this enough

Source